Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis is most likely to occur followingA)EnterocolitisB)HepatitisC)PyelonephritisD)PharyngitisMassive proteinuria with generalized edema, hypoalbuminemia, and hyperlipidemia and hyperlipiduria are the components of clinical syndrome calledA)Nephritic syndromeB)Nephrotic syndromeC)Uremic syndromeD)Tetralogy of FallotAcute glomerulonephritis is most often due to a A)Bacterial infectionB)Genetic defectC)Viral infectionD)Antigen-antibody reactionE)PoisonWhich of the following may cause tubulointerstitial kidney disease? A)Ascending bacterial infectionB)Analgesic drugsC)BothD)NeitherThe most common cause of acute renal failure (ARF) isA)Acute glomerulonephritisB)Acute pyelonephritisC)Acute tubular necrosisD)Acute urinary tract obstructionE)Interstitial nephritis Membranous glomerulonephritis may occur in association withA)Systemic lupus erythematosusB)Diabetes mellitusC)InfectionsD)No known causeE)All of the aboveAll of the following are true regarding acute tubular necrosis (ATN) exceptA)The critical event is tubular damageB)It is characterized clinically by acute renal failureC)Necrosis of tubular epithelium is presentD)Most patients do poorly and go on to suffer from end stage renal diseaseE)One cause of ATN is severe glomerular diseaseWhich of the following diseases is characterized by subepithelial deposits within the glomeruli?A)Minimal change diseaseB)Membranous glomerulonephritisC)BothD)NeitherAll of the following are true statements regarding acute pyelonephritis exceptA)The most common causative agent is E. coliB)The hematogeneous route is the most common pathway of infectionC)In ascending infections, organisms often gain access to bladder via intrumentaton (i.e. catheterization)D)Obstruction is an important predisposing factorE)Patients with diabetes mellitus have a greater number ofof complications secondary to pyelonephritis than non-diabetic patientsThe most common malignant tumor of the kidney and urinary tract isA)Renal cell carcinomaB)Wilms' tumorC)Transitional cell carcinomaD)Medullary fibromaWhich of the following is true?A)Glomerular diseases and tubulointerstitial diseases are usually immunologically mediatedB)Glomerular diseases and tubulointerstitial diseases are usually caused by infections or toxic agentsC)Glomerular diseases are usually caused by infectious or or toxic agents; tubulointerstitial diseases are usually immunologically mediatedD)Glomerular diseases are usually immunologically mediated; tubulointerstitial diseases are usually caused by toxic or infectious agentsWhich of the following is characterized by massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, edema, and hyperlipidemia?A)Chronic glomerulonephritisB)Nephritic syndromeC)Nephrotic syndromeD)Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritisE)Uremic syndromeThe biochemical abnormality that refers to elevation of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels is called:A)CystitisB)NephrosisC)AzotemiaD)UremiaPost-streptococcal glomerulonephritis most often presents with which morphologic pattern of glomerular injury?A)Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritisB)Focal segmental glomerulosclerosisC)Membranous glomerulonephritisD)Mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritisE)Diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritisThe most common bacterial organism causing acute pyelonephritis isA)ProteusB)E. coliC)StaphylocciD)StreptococciE)KlebsiellaAutosomal recessive polycystic kidney diseaseA)Numerous cysts develop and virtually replace normal renal parenchymaB)Associated with congenital hepatic fibrosisC)BothD)NeitherAll of the following are true regarding renal cell carcinoma EXCEPT:A)Males are affected more often than femalesB)It represents the most common type of renal malignancyC)The cell of origin is the transitional epithelial cellD)Tumor stage is an important prognostic indicatorE)It often presents with painless hematuria, long-standing fever and flank pain